A foreland basin is a geological depression that forms at the edge of a mountain range due to the weight of the uplifted mountain range causing the crust to bend and create a subsiding area. Foreland basins are typically filled with sediment eroded from the adjacent mountains and can be quite large in size. These basins are important in understanding the tectonic evolution of mountain ranges and are often studied by geologists and sedimentologists to reconstruct the history of mountain building events. They can also be important for oil and gas exploration, as the sediments deposited in foreland basins can contain significant hydrocarbon reserves.